Izifo Ezithathelwanayo I-Chemiluminecense Immunoassay Kit

Izimpawu ze-serological zegciwane le-Hepatitis B (HBV) zihlanganisa i-HBsAg, i-anti-HBs, i-HBeAg, i-anti-HBe, i-anti-HBc kanye ne-anti-HBc-IgM.I-HBsAg positive isho ukutheleleka nge-HBV;i-anti-HBs iyi-antibody evikelayo, izindlela zayo ezinhle zokuvikeleka ku-HBV, zingabonakala ekululameni kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kanye nomgomo wokugomela i-hepatitis B;I-HBsAg yaphenduka inegethivu kanti ama-anti-HBs aphenduka abe phozithivu, kubizwa ngokuthi i-HBsAg seroconversion ye-serum;I-HBeAg yaphenduka inegethivu futhi i-anti-HBe yaphenduka yaba phozithivu, ibizwa nge-HBeAg seroconversion;I-anti-HBc-IgM positive ikhombisa ukuphindaphinda kwe-HBV,Le nto ivame kakhulu esigabeni esibi kakhulu sesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B, kodwa futhi nasekubhebhethekeni okukhulu kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B esingapheli; I-antibody ephelele ye-HBc ngokuyinhloko i-anti-HBc-IgG.Inqobo nje uma utheleleke nge-HBV, leli gciwane lesandulela ngculazi lihlala likhona kungakhathaliseki ukuthi igciwane selisuliwe noma cha.

I-Syphilis ibangelwa i-Treponema pallidum, i-subspecies ye-intracellular Gram-negative Treponema bacterium Treponema pallidum (TP).I-Syphilis ngokuyinhloko ithathelwana ngocansi, kodwa ingadluliselwa futhi isuka kumama iye enganeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma sokubeletha.Ukutheleleka nge-Syphilis kuhlukaniswe ekuqaleni (okuthathelwanayo) kanye nesephuzile (okungatheleleki).I-syphilis yangaphambi kwesikhathi ingahlukaniswa futhi ibe i-primary syphilis, i-secondary syphilis kanye ne-letent syphilis yasekuqaleni.Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-syphilis zihlukahlukene,Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa kwe-serological ye-syphilis kubalulekile.Ukusabela komzimba ku-Treponema pallidum kuyisici esikhulu ekuthuthukiseni izilonda.Ukusabela kwe-antibody akuqondisiwe kuphela kuma-antigens aqondene ne-Treponema pallidum (i-Treponema pallidum antibodies), kodwa futhi ngokumelene nama-antigen angaqondile e-Treponema pallidum (ama-non-Treponema pallidum antibodies);isibonelo, ama-antigen akhululwa ngesikhathi sokulimala kwamaselula okubangelwa into ephilayo.Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa okungeyona i-Treponema pallidum kanye ne-Treponema pallidum kuyadingeka lapho kuxilonga i-syphilis.Ukuhlolwa kwe-non-Treponema pallidum kusebenzisa i-antigen eyakhiwe i-lecithin, i-cholesterol, nama-phospholipids ahlanzekile ukuze kutholwe amasosha omzimba ngokumelene ne-cardiolipin, ekhona kubantu abaningi abanogcunsula.Ukuhlolwa kwe-Treponema pallidum kuqondiswe kumasosha omzimba kuphrotheni ye-Treponema pallidum.Umphumela wokuhlolwa oqondile we-Treponema pallidum antibody ukhombisa ukuchayeka ngaphambilini kugcunsula.Ukuhlolwa kwe-Non-Treponema pallidum kungasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ukuqapha ukuqhubeka kwesifo kanye nokusabela kokwelashwa.Kokubili lokhu kuhlola kuyizinsiza zokuxilonga ezidingekayo.

Ukuba khona kwamasosha omzimba e-HCV kubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu une-HCV futhi angase adlulisele i-HCV.I-HCV iyilungu lomndeni wakwa-Flaviviridae futhi inomucu owodwa we-RNA genome.Njengamanje kunezinhlobo ezingaphansi kuka-67 ezihlonziwe futhi zahlukaniswa zaba ama-genotypes angu-7.Ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokutheleleka nge-asymptomatic, ukuxilongwa komtholampilo kunzima futhi ukuhlolwa kokuhlola kubaluleke kakhulu.Ukutheleleka nge-HCV kungaholela esifweni sokusha kwesibindi esiyingozi nesingapheli.Cishe i-70-85% yezifo ze-HCV ziba nesifo esingamahlalakhona, nakuba lokhu kwehluka phakathi kweziguli ngobulili, ubudala, ubuhlanga, nesimo sokuzivikela komzimba.Ukutheleleka kwe-HCV okungamahlalakhona kungase kuholele ku-cirrhosis kanye ne-hepatocellular carcinoma, ngakho-ke, ukutholwa kwe-anti-HCV kusenesikhathi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokwelashwa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi esingapheli ukukhetha iziguli ezidinga ukwelashwa.Ukutheleleka kwe-HCV kungatholwa nge-HCV RNA, i-alanine aminotransferase (ALT), kanye namasampula e-HCV-specific immunoglobulin (anti-HCV) ku-serum yesiguli noma i-plasma.Lokhu kungase futhi kubonise ukuthi ukutheleleka kuyingozi noma ingapheli.Ukuhlolwa kwe-anti-HCV antibody kusetshenziswa yedwa noma kuhlanganiswe nokunye ukuhlola (okufana ne-HCV RNA) ukuthola ukutheleleka kwe-HCV kanye nokuhlonza igazi nemikhiqizo yegazi evela kubantu abane-HCV.

I-Human immunodeficiency virus (i-HIV), i-agent eyimbangela ye-aquid immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), iyingxenye yomndeni we-retrovirus.Ezigulini ezisanda kutheleleka, i-HIV p24 antigen ingabonakala ekuqaleni kwamaviki angu-2-3 ngemva kokutheleleka.Amasosha omzimba angatholakala ku-serum cishe amasonto ama-4 ngemva kokutheleleka.Ukuhlanganisa ukutholwa kwama-antigen e-p24 nama-anti-HIV amasosha omzimba nokuhlola ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV kwesizukulwane sesine kungathuthukisa ukuzwela futhi ngaleyo ndlela kufinyeze iwindi lokuxilonga uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlola okuvamile kwe-HIV.